Country Intelligence Hub
Egypt
Egypt's infrastructure programme spans nuclear power, high-speed and urban rail, utility-scale wind and solar generation, seawater desalination, and major port and logistics concessions, delivered through public-private partnership, sovereign-financed, and vendor-financed structures. A concurrent active pipeline includes the Alexandria Abu Qir Metro, the El Dabaa Nuclear Power Plant, the first high-speed rail line, and utility-scale wind projects at Suez and Ras Shokeir, alongside an expanding national desalination programme coordinated by the Sovereign Fund of Egypt. Investment and project delivery operate within a codified legal framework covering foreign investment, companies, PPP/concessions, tax, land, banking, security, insolvency and competition law, supported by dedicated electricity, gas and renewable-energy sector regulation.
Latest Developments
- Project · 6 September 2026Egypt High-Speed Rail Line 1 nears trial operations
Egypt's Transport Minister inspected final finishing and preparations along the 660km first high-speed rail line on 6 September 2026, with trial operations for the line expected before the end of 2026.
- Project · 1 January 2025Suez Wind Farm reaches financial close
ACWA Power and HAU Energy achieved financial close on the 1.1GW Suez Wind Farm in early January 2025 (exact day not independently confirmed), securing a $703.6m senior debt facility from EBRD, AfDB, British International Investment, DEG, the OPEC Fund, and APICORP.
- Regulatory · 24 February 2024Egypt amends Desert Land Law to permit foreign ownership
Law No. 11 of 2024, issued 24 February 2024, amended Articles 11 and 12 of the Desert Land Law (Law 143/1981) to permit non-Egyptian ownership of desert land without restriction, except in the Sinai Peninsula, which remains separately restricted.
Infrastructure
- Ras Shokeir Wind FarmProject · Wind Energy, Renewable Energy, Power Generation · Development / Pre-Construction
- Suez Wind FarmProject · Wind Energy, Renewable Energy, Power Generation · Under Construction
- 6th of October Dry PortProject · Transport Infrastructure, Logistics Infrastructure, Rail Infrastructure, Trade Infrastructure, Dry Port · Operational
- Baheya University HospitalProject · Healthcare Infrastructure, Healthcare, Hospital, Social Infrastructure · Operational
Infrastructure Sectors
- Energy Infrastructure
- Logistics Infrastructure
- Rail Infrastructure
- Transport Infrastructure
Key Organizations
Market Participants
8 market participants tracked in Egypt. Company profiles, capabilities and market presence are available in the Market Participants directory, included with the Business plan.
Open the Market Participants directory →Legal & Regulatory Framework
A compact map of the legal topics InfraLex tracks for Egypt. Each card links to the full instrument list for that topic.
Foreign Investment
Primary frameworkInvestment Law No. 72 of 2017
1 instrument
Companies & Corporate
Primary frameworkCompanies Law
1 instrument
Competition
Primary frameworkCompetition Law
1 instrument
PPP / Concessions
Primary frameworkLaw No. 67 of 2010 Regulating the Participation of the Private Sector in Infrastructure Projects, Services and Public Utilities
2 instruments
Public Procurement
2 instruments
Land / Real Estate / Land Use
Primary frameworkDesert Land Law
1 instrument
Environmental / Permitting
Primary frameworkLaw No. 4 of 1994 for the Protection of the Environment
1 instrument
Tax
Primary frameworkIncome Tax Law
1 instrument
Banking & Finance
Primary frameworkCentral Bank and Banking Sector Law
2 instruments
Security / Collateral
Primary frameworkMovables Security Law
1 instrument
Foreign Exchange / Capital Controls
1 instrument
Arbitration & Dispute Resolution
Primary frameworkLaw No. 27 of 1994 Promulgating the Law Concerning Arbitration in Civil and Commercial Matters
1 instrument
Insolvency / Bankruptcy
Primary frameworkRestructuring, Preventive Reconciliation and Bankruptcy Law
1 instrument
Sector Regulation
Multiple sector-specific frameworks
3 instruments